Kebijakan Pengembangan Energi Indonesia:Konteks Keberlanjutan, Ekosistem dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

Abstract

Abstract

Sustainable energy development is a global and Indonesian imperative driven by climate change and rising demand. Indonesia possesses significant renewable energy potential, including solar, hydro, wind, geothermal, and biomass, crucial for national energy security and reducing fossil fuel dependence and environmental impact. Government targets aim for 23% renewables by 2025 and 31% by 2050. However, implementation lags, with only 17.78% utilization in April 2021. Key challenges include the need for substantial investment, high costs, limited infrastructure, and low public awareness. Balancing growing energy needs with environmental preservation is vital. The ideal future is a rapid transition to 60-70% renewables by 2025-2040 to meet net-zero targets and foster sustainable economic growth. Achieving this requires comprehensive strategies, investment, and public participation. An ecosystem-based energy policy is critical for sustainable economic growth. While economic growth often increases energy consumption, integrating strategies like renewable energy development, energy efficiency, and sustainable resource management supports growth while minimizing harm. The ideal future for Indonesia's energy mix involves a rapid transition to 60-70% renewable energy by 2025-2040 to meet net-zero targets.